Pigment spots: causes, types and effective care

Pigment spots (hyperpigmentation) develop when melanocytes produce too much melanin in a specific area. Common triggers include UV radiation, hormonal influences, inflammation, and natural skin aging. Consistent UV protection is the most important form of prevention.

How do pigment spots develop?

UV light triggers melanin production as a natural protective mechanism. If this process is overstimulated, visible discolorations remain, such as lentigines or melasma. Medications and hormonal fluctuations can also promote its formation.

Common forms

• Solar lentigines: UV-induced age spots, often on the hands and face.
• Melasma: predominantly hormonal, with symmetrical discoloration on the face. Treatment combines sun protection, topical agents, and, if necessary, medical procedures such as peels or lasers.
• Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH): Spots that appear after inflammation, such as in acne or after procedures. Fading can take months.

Active ingredients with proven benefits

• Niacinamide: can reduce the transfer of melanin into the upper layers of the skin and even out skin tone.
• Vitamin C: antioxidant and supportive for a clearer, more even complexion.
• Fruit acids and gentle peels: promote cell renewal and can lighten superficial pigmentation, especially helpful in cases of PIH.

Treatment and prevention

The foundation of any strategy is daily UV protection with at least SPF 30. Depigmenting agents are then gradually integrated. In cases of pronounced hyperpigmentation, dermatological procedures such as chemical peels, IPL, or laser treatments are possible. These measures should be individualized and performed under medical supervision.

Practical tips for your routine

• In the morning: Antioxidant serum, for example vitamin C, followed by high UV protection.
• In the evening: Gentle exfoliation with AHA or PHA and care with niacinamide to strengthen the barrier.
• Consistently: Do not manipulate inflamed lesions to avoid PIH.

NATURFACTOR® Product Information

The Porcelain Skin Serum combines hyaluronic acid, amino acids, and soothing plant extracts such as licorice root. The formula supports cell renewal, reduces redness, and evens out the complexion. Ideal as a base in a routine for combating hyperpigmentation.

Conclusion

Pigment spots are common and usually harmless. With consistent sun protection, selected active ingredients, and patience, their appearance can be significantly improved. For persistent spots, a dermatological examination is recommended.

Sources

1. NetDoktor: Pigment spots basics
2. Techniker Krankenkasse: Overview of pigment spots
3. Eucerin: Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
4. OnlineDoctor: Melasma Causes and Treatment
5. Avène: Pigment spots - formation and care
6. La Roche-Posay: Niacinamide in skincare

Tags: pigment spots, hyperpigmentation, niacinamide, vitamin C, UV protection